Hydrogen And Its Compounds


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Hydrogen And Its Compounds

Hydrogen: Hydrogen (atomic number 1; atomic weight 1.00797) is the first chemical element in the periodic system. Under ordinary conditions, it is a colourless, odourless, tasteless gas composed of diatomic molecules, H. It is a major constituent of water and all the organic matter and is widely distributed throughout the universe.

At ordinary temperatures, hydrogen is comparatively non-reactive but at elevated temperatures. It is highly reactive, It reacts with oxygen to form water. With nitrogen, it undergoes an important reaction to give ammonia. Large quantities of hydrogen are consumed in the catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated liquid vegetable oils to make solid fats, Hydrogen is also used as a rocket fuel in combination with oxygen or fluorine.

Compounds Of Hydrogen:

Water: Water is probably the most abundant as well as the most important compound upon the earth. Water is essential to all forms of life. It is the most abundant compound in the biosphere. Of the total estimated global water supply, the oceans and inland saline water bodies have 97.3% and fresh water amounts to only 2.7%. Unfortunately, most of the fresh water is not readily accessible, being locked up in frozen lakes, glaciers or under the ground. The fraction of water available for human use is only 0.003% of the total global water supply. In nature water is found in all three phases - solid, liquid, and gas. Molecular Structure Water has the chemical formula H_2O.

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